Inductance Matrix (L)

Inductance outputs connect geometry, kinetic inductance, mutual inductance, and

Josephson energy used in qubit Hamiltonian extraction.

#

Parameter

Symbol / Unit

Extraction Method

Typical Q3D Value

Ideal / Optimal

Good Range

Worst Case

Why It Matters

Key Design Note

6

Self-Inductance (L_ii)

L_ii / nH

Q3D magnetoquasistatic solver; pyEPR energy participation

0.5 – 5 nH

1 – 3 nH (target Ej/Ec ~ 50–80)

0.5 – 5 nH

< 0.1 or > 20 nH

Sets Josephson energy Ej = Φ₀²/2L; directly determines qubit frequency f ≈

√(8EjEc)/h

L = L_geometric + L_kinetic; kinetic inductance is material-dependent (Al:

~0.1–1 pH/sq)

7

Mutual Inductance (M_ij)

M_ij / pH

Q3D off-diagonal L matrix extraction

1 – 50 pH

< 5 pH (idle qubits)

5 – 50 pH

> 500 pH

Magnetically coupled flux between loops drives parasitic ZZ interaction and

inductive crosstalk

Intentional M_ij used in flux-tunable couplers; unintentional M_ij sets

residual ZZ floor

8

Geometric Inductance

L_geo / pH/μm

Q3D partial inductance extraction (PEEC)

0.3 – 0.8 pH/μm

< 0.5 pH/μm (wide ground traces)

0.5 – 1 pH/μm

> 2 pH/μm

Inductance from current path geometry adds to kinetic inductance to set

total L and mode freq

Slot cuts in ground plane drastically increase L_geo; continuous ground

plane is preferred

9

Kinetic Inductance (L_k)

L_k / pH/sq

Microwave resonator fitting; L_k = ℏ²/(π Δ e² n_s t)

1–2 pH/sq (Al, 100–200 nm); 30–200 pH/sq (NbTiN)

< 2 pH/sq (standard Al transmon, 100–200 nm film)

1 – 10 pH/sq

> 100 pH/sq (non-KI devices)

Inertia of Cooper pairs; provides non-linearity in KI qubits; adds to

geometric L in CPW

High-L_k materials (NbTiN, TiN, NbN) used deliberately for kinetic

inductance qubit designs

10

Josephson Inductance (L_J)

L_J / nH

Derived: L_J = Φ₀/(2π I_c) = Φ₀²/(2Ej); I_c from RₙA measurement

5 – 15 nH

8 – 12 nH (Ej/Ec ~ 50–80)

5 – 20 nH

< 1 or > 50 nH

Non-linear inductance of JJ; L_J(φ) = L_J0/cos(φ) provides essential quantum

non-linearity

L_J is the ONLY non-linear element; its ratio to shunting capacitance sets

anharmonicity α